Table of Content

1. Introduction 1–23

2. Overview of Blast Furnace Ironmaking 24–38

3. Overview of Modern Steelmaking 39–48

4. General Physicochemical Fundamentals 49–80

5. Physical Chemistry of Blast Furnace Reactions       83–110

6. Thermal and Chemical Features of the Blast Furnace          111–125

7. Internal Zones and Gas Flow in Blast Furnaces       126–137

8. Raw Materials I: Coke 138–156

9. Raw Materials II: Iron Ore and Agglomerates 157–178

10. Blast Furnace Productivity, Fuel Efficiency and Modern Developments 179–202

11. Blast Furnace Products and Their Utilisation 203–211

12. Blast Furnace Modelling and Control 212–222

13. Sponge Ironmaking 225–240

14. Smelting Reduction 241–262

15. Physical Chemistry of Primary Steelmaking 265–284

16. BOF Plant Practice 285–305

17. Metallurgical Features of Oxygen Steelmaking 306–326

18. Process Control for Basic Oxygen Steelmaking 327–340

19. Basic Open Hearth and Electric Arc Furnace Steelmaking 341–361

20. Secondary Steelmaking 362–396

21. Stainless Steelmaking 397–405

22. Ingot Casting of Steel 409–422

23. Continuous Casting of Steel 423–447

24. Ironmaking and Steelmaking in India 451–459

Appendix I List of Major Iron and Steel Plants in India 461–462

Appendix II Supersonic Jet(s)—Relevance to BOF Steelmaking 463–466

Bibliography 467–468

Index 469–47